The deadly explosion in Shanxi province has exposed a lucrative off-the-books market where a single mine can generate about $100 million in annual untaxed profits

The explosion in Shanxi, which killed at least 82 people and is the country’s deadliest coal mine gas incident in more than a decade, exposes long-standing industry problems,…

Given the coal industry’s importance to Shanxi, the authorities will have to balance the pace of transformation with its possible social impact.