India's birth rate has fallen below the replacement level. Most states now have fewer than 2.1 children per woman. Bihar and Uttar Pradesh remain above this mark. Delhi has the lowest rate. The country's working-age population is growing, but the elderly population is also increasing. Experts predict fertility rates will continue to decline.

The somewhat worrying trend in the crude death rate is that it remains above the level of 6 seen in 2019 and 2020. | India News

India's demographic transition reveals declining birth and death rates, but disparities persist between urban and rural areas.