The German artist lived through Nazism and communism – and his horrific, shaming works, including a masturbating Hitler, forced his country to face its past. Yet in later life, he beautifully captured human frailty, portraying himself and his wife nude

Painter and sculptor whose raw, expressive works reflected on postwar Germany and courted controversy over his 60-year career

Prominent contemporary visual artist explored range of techniques across six decades of work

The German artist lived through Nazism and communism – and his horrific, shaming works, including a masturbating Hitler, forced his country to face its past. Yet in later life, he…