Saudi Arabia’s strategic move into critical minerals

At the heart of the clean energy transition lies a powerful yet often unseen foundation: critical minerals such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, copper, graphite, and rare earth elements. These materials enable the batteries, wind turbines, and solar panels driving global decarbonization and fulfilling net zero commitments, as outlined in the International Energy Agency’s Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2025. The IEA projects global demand for these resources to more than triple by 2035.

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