Alphabet’s Google unit will allow Spotify Technology to offer an alternative-billing service in its app, which could pave the way for other similar deals on the Google Play Store platform. Just don’t expect Apple to follow suit.

Spotify (ticker: SPOT) announced the multiyear partnership on Wednesday. When a user downloads the Spotify app on the Google Play Store, they’ll be asked if they want to turn to Spotify or Google’s billing services. The companies did not disclose what size cut Google gets from such sales. It was framed...