Xi Jinping’s journey from Central Asia to Egypt highlights Beijing’s effort to build alternative trade, energy and manufacturing networks across Eurasia and Africa amid wars and tariffs. China and Egypt said they will explore cooperation in renewable energy, data centres, semiconductors, space applications, critical-mineral supply chains, agriculture and car manufacturing. The two sides also backed renewal and possible expansion of their currency-swap agreement and wider use of the yuan and Egyptian pound. Xi also promoted deeper SCO cooperation on trade, energy, connectivity and transport routes.

Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi, right, and Chinese President Xi Jinping tour the Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM), during Xi's official visit to Egypt, his first state visit to the country in 10 years, in Giza, Egypt, Sept. 2, in this handout picture courtesy of the Egyptian Presidency. Reuters-Yonhap

President Xi Jinping’s journey from Central Asia to Egypt highlights Beijing’s efforts to strengthen alternative trade, energy and manufacturing networks across Eurasia and Africa, analysts said, as wars and tariffs expose a reliance on vulnerable supply routes and overseas markets.

Xi arrived in Egypt on Tuesday for his first visit in 10 years after attending a summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, where state leaders including Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Russian President Vladimir Putin agreed to deepen economic and financial ties.