Connecting people with clinical trials is complicated — even if people identify a promising match, there’s a slew of potentially thorny factors, including geographic incompatibility, and financial and time considerations.

Simply finding an appropriate trial can present an enormous hurdle. In a recent online survey of more than 2,000 adults, 71% of patients with chronic conditions said they would be likely to participate in a clinical trial if given the chance. But two-thirds said that their healthcare provider had never discussed clinical trials with them. According to one study using data from 2020, just 9% of adults reported ever being invited to participate in a clinical trial.

Clinical trials are essential to the development of new and effective medical treatments. But gathering the real-world human data necessary to win Food and Drug Administration approval for drugs, devices, and other interventions can be an arduous task. By one estimate, up to 86% of clinical trials don’t meet their recruitment targets during the trial time frame.

Getting people signed up isn’t the only challenge.

“Recruitment is one thing — retention is another,” said Alan Balch, executive board chair at the Patient Advocate Foundation, which has a clinical trial search tool and maintains extensive educational materials online. “Every touchpoint is an opportunity for access and affordability to be a problem.”