During one session, two-year-old beagle Whiskey worked through 10 samples, bounding past the first five. At the sixth, she paused, sniffed, moved away and returned, circling for several seconds before the system marked it positive

By Satviki Sanjay / Bloomberg

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On a 0.8 hectare farm outside Bengaluru, India, Billy, Jessie and Banu put on their gear, enter a laboratory packed with samples and clock in for a shift detecting early signs of cancer. Their most important diagnostic equipment is their noses. Billy, Jessie and Banu are part of a team of beagles, labradors, Dutch shepherds and other dog breeds being trained by start-up Dognosis to sniff out traces of cancer in human breath.

Bowel cancer detection dog Jodie looks on during a reception to celebrate the Medical Detection Dogs charity at Clarence House in London on May 12.