Can supplements improve your brain health and prevent premature ageing and the onset of dementia? While nothing can replace keeping your brain engaged daily through activities such as reading and learning a new skill, etc., some supplements can provide the essential nutrients that keep your brain sharp. Taking to Instagram, Dr Arun L Naik, a Bengaluru-based neurosurgeon, shared some supplements for delaying brain ageing. MagnesiumMagnesium is a vital mineral for brain function and participates in more than 600 biochemical processes throughout the body. It contributes to synaptic plasticity, the ability of connections between brain cells to adapt, which is important for learning and retaining memories. Magnesium L-threonate has attracted particular attention because it can reach the brain by crossing the blood-brain barrier. Magnesium also helps regulate neurotransmitters such as glutamate and GABA, which can influence stress levels, relaxation and sleep. Adequate magnesium intake may support memory, digestion and emotional well-being while potentially helping reduce the likelihood of cognitive deterioration with age. Magnesium deficiency is relatively common, affecting an estimated 25 per cent of people. Severe or prolonged deficiency may negatively affect neurological health and has been associated with cognitive problems.CreatineCreatine is another compound that can support the brain's energy requirements. It helps replenish ATP, the molecule cells use to store and deliver energy, allowing brain cells to maintain their energy supply, particularly during periods of psychological stress or inadequate sleep. Research suggests that creatine supplementation may benefit short-term memory, reasoning ability and resistance to mental exhaustion. It can be especially relevant for people following vegetarian diets because their dietary creatine intake is generally lower. Researchers have also investigated creatine for its possible protective effects against certain neurological and neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease.Omega-3 Fish OilOmega-3 fatty acids, particularly DHA or docosahexaenoic acid, are important components of brain tissue. DHA contributes to the structure of neuronal cell membranes and helps facilitate communication between nerve cells. Maintaining sufficient omega-3 levels may therefore play a role in preserving cognitive performance and supporting healthy brain development, especially during infancy. These fatty acids also possess anti-inflammatory properties. Adequate omega-3 intake has been associated with better concentration, emotional balance, and potentially a lower likelihood of cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia.Multivitamins and Vitamin B12The doctor also highlighted several vitamins, including B-group vitamins, biotin, vitamins A and E, along with other essential nutrients. Among them, vitamin B12 is particularly important for maintaining a healthy nervous system. The form he uses is methylcobalamin, an active form of vitamin B12. This vitamin contributes to the formation of the protective myelin coating around nerves, supports DNA production, and is necessary for healthy red blood cell formation. Insufficient B12 can affect the nervous system and may lead to problems such as tiredness, impaired memory, difficulty concentrating and nerve-related damage.Vitamin DVitamin D deficiency is also widespread, with the doctor noting that half of humanity has inadequate levels. Beyond its familiar role in maintaining bone health, vitamin D functions in the brain and interacts with receptors found across various neural regions. It is involved in processes associated with mood regulation and may influence serotonin-related pathways. Maintaining sufficient vitamin D may also contribute to protecting brain cells from damage. Conversely, inadequate levels have been associated with depression, poorer cognitive performance, and a greater risk of age-related neurological problems, including Alzheimer's disease.Supplements Are Only One Part of Brain HealthThe doctor emphasised that supplements alone cannot guarantee long-term brain health. Nutrition works best when combined with consistent healthy habits and regular physical activity. As part of his own routine, he walked approximately 10,000 steps each day, incorporated resistance exercises regularly, and stayed away from smoking. These lifestyle practices, alongside a balanced diet and appropriate nutrient intake, can provide broader support for physical fitness, cardiovascular health and healthy brain function as people age.