After a one-vote victory, Khalil al-Hayya must reconcile rival currents while preserving Hamas’s independence.

Azzam Tamimi is a Palestinian British academic and author of Hamas: Unwritten Chapters.

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Khalil al-Hayya’s election as the new head of Hamas is far more than the filling of a position left vacant by war. Decided by a single vote after nearly two years of collective leadership, it reveals the divisions within a movement transformed by exile, regional upheaval and its increasingly consequential relationship with Iran.