When housing expenses, substandard living conditions, or inadequate public transit systems marginalize those who work, study, and establish their lives within a city, that urban center fails to operate effectively.

Affordable housing sits at the heart of how South African cities function.

A stable, well-located home shapes almost every part of a person's life, access to work and education, transport costs, safety, family stability and dignity, says Shaila Desai, the head of the Old Mutual Alternative Investments Residential Impact Fund.

Affordable housing is part of the urban infrastructure, enabling economic participation and supporting more inclusive growth.

She says affordable housing is also part of the urban infrastructure that enables economic participation and supports more inclusive growth.