Get the latest news and updates from Dawn

TOKYO: Since ChatGPT stunned the world three years ago with the powers of generative AI, countries have grappled with how to govern the rapidly developing technology.

As Vietnam’s artificial intelligence law goes into effect on Sunday, this news agency takes a look at regulation efforts around the globe:

EU: first mover

The European Union is considered a trailblazer, having adopted in 2024 what it calls “the world’s first comprehensive AI law” penalised with heavy fines. The law takes a risk-based approach: if a system is high-risk, a company will have a stricter set of obligations to fulfil before being authorised in the EU.