The "GDP-based growth model" that's driven global development for 200 years "is obsolete," a world-renowned scientist has told RNZ.

Johan Rockström pioneered the notion of planetary boundaries, which define a safe environment for sustainable human life.

In an interview on 30 with Guyon Espiner, Rockström said people must now achieve prosperity with innovation and more efficient use of resources within the nine planetary boundaries.

"We've reached what I call a saturation point on planet Earth," Rockström said.

"Nowhere is there any more opportunity to operate according to the old economic paradigm … when one could admit that we were still a small world on a very big planet.