Paris Saint-Germain have won the Champions League after beating Arsenal 4-3 in a penalty shootout following a 1-1 draw.Arsenal took the lead just six minutes into the game. A fast break up the pitch ended with Kai Havertz firing high and hard into the roof of the net. There was a debatable handball in the build-up to the goal after the ball appeared to make contact with Leandro Trossard’s upper arm, but it was not given. Bukayo Saka also survived a shout for a penalty after appearing to handle in the box.However, PSG were given an opportunity to draw level just after the hour mark when Cristhian Mosquera fouled Khvicha Kvaratshkelia in the box. Arsenal did not concede a single penalty during the Premier League season. Ousmane Dembele converted the spot kick in the 65th minute. A remarkable stop by David Raya cut short a PSG chance, but the French side then came close to winning the game in the final minute of normal time, only for Vitinha’s strike to fly just over the bar.There was controversy in the 101st minute as Noni Madueke appeared to be felled in the box by Nuno Mendes. However, referee Daniel Siebert said it was not a foul, a decision not overturned by the video assistant referee.After extra-time, the game went to a penalty shootout — the first time a Champions League final had done so since 2015-16. After three scored penalties in a row, Eberechi Eze sent his spot kick wide. However, David Raya saved the next penalty from Nuno Mendes, and Declan Rice levelled the shootout. The game, though, was decided after Lucas Beraldo made the shootout 4-3 when Gabriel sent his penalty over the bar, giving PSG the win.The Athletic’s James McNicholas, Stuart James, Tim Spiers, Liam Tharme and our refereeing expert Graham Scott analyse the key talking points from the game.How did the penalty shootout play out?Amid unbearable tension, it was cruel fate that Gabriel, one of the game’s outstanding players, missed the crucial penalty. It was, however, a surprise to see the Brazilian step up to take Arsenal’s fifth spot kick, ahead of the likes of Noni Madueke or perhaps Martin Zubimendi, and he blazed his effort over the bar.After the first three takers (Goncalo Ramos, Viktor Gyokeres and Desire Doue) all scored, in the lottery of penalties the pendulum of momentum first swung to PSG when Eberechi Eze sent Arsenal’s second penalty wide of keeper Matvei Safonov’s post.However, David Raya brilliantly saved from Nuno Mendes before Declan Rice levelled things up at 2-2.Achraf Hakimi and Gabriel Martinelli both sent the keepers the wrong way with their team’s fourth penalties to effectively take them to sudden death. Lucas Beraldo, a 105th-minute substitute for PSG, held his nerve with their fifth penalty, placing it into the bottom corner, placing all the pressure on Gabriel, who, after being made to wait while the referee asked for the ball to be respotted, sent his shot comfortably over the bar.Gabriel’s penalty flies over the bar (David Ramos/Getty Images)Safonov hadn’t looked like saving a penalty, and it was Arsenal’s two misplaced efforts off target that won them the trophy.“I feel incredibly sorry for Gabriel, I thought he was the outstanding player on the pitch today,” Peter Schmeichel said on CBS Sports.Arsenal legend Thierry Henry added: “I was surprised (to see Gabriel step up) to be honest, but for me if you have the courage to go there and take it, you are someone who has the audacity and the gumption.”It was the first Champions League final to go to penalties since 2015-16 when Real Madrid beat Atletico Madrid. For Arsenal, after a tremendous effort for 120 minutes, it was the cruellest way to lose.Victors PSG continued their perfect record of shoot-out victories under Luis Enrique; this was their sixth out of six.Tim SpiersWhat will that mean to PSG?After waiting so long to win the Champions League, Paris Saint-Germain have now completed back-to-back successes, joining an exclusive group of clubs. Their penalty shootout victory over Arsenal means they are only the second team in the modern era to win the competition in consecutive seasons, after Real Madrid, who won three in a row between 2016 and 2018.For Luis Enrique, the manager who has transformed this football club since taking over in 2023, it’s his third Champions League triumph, following success with Barcelona in 2015.The contrast with last season’s final, when PSG swept Inter Milan aside with a 5-0 victory, was stark. After falling behind to Kai Havertz’s early goal, PSG were frustrated for long periods, dominant in possession but offering little in the way of a goal threat. Parity finally came via Ousmane Dembele’s penalty kick midway through the second half.