The Problem

Every sysadmin has been there: you SSH into a server and wait... and wait... 10 seconds later, you finally get a prompt. It's one of those small annoyances that wears on you over time.

I ran into this again last week while troubleshooting a production server. The delay wasn't there before, something had changed.

Common Causes

After digging into this enough times, I've found these usual suspects: