Of late, the world's energy markets have been rocked by converging existential threats, whether it be the geopolitical instability in the Middle East, the subsequent trade friction, or the ever-worsening effects of climate change.

Against this backdrop, national governments are being forced to reconcile their immediate energy needs with their longer-term transition strategies.

Australia’s latest budget, which was unveiled on 12 May, reflects this challenge. In terms of energy, it combines targeted funding for solutions like sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) with continued backing for legacy fuel industries.

Central to the Albanese government’s environmental agenda is its "Nature Positive" policy, anchored by the creation of a national environmental protection agency scheduled to launch on 1 July.

The budget commits A$250m (US$180m) over two years to establish the agency, which will employ nearly 700 staff. However, this sits alongside a directive requiring the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water to deliver A$2.2bn (US$1.6bn) in savings over the next 14 years.