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ByAndy J. Semotiuk,
Contributor.
For decades, Americans looking for a second home—or a second passport—often focused on Europe. Portugal, Spain, Italy, and Malta attracted retirees, digital nomads, entrepreneurs, and families seeking a better quality of life and an insurance policy against political or economic uncertainty at home.
Portugal recently doubled its naturalization timeline for many non-European applicants from five years to ten. Spain has suspended its golden visa program. Italy has tightened citizenship-by-descent rules. Malta’s citizenship-by-investment program has effectively been dismantled by European courts.
