African governments turn to complex derivatives as debt costs rise
Critics say growing use of total return swaps is piling on risks for cash-strapped countries and their creditors
Critics say growing use of total return swaps is piling on risks for cash-strapped countries and their creditors

West African nation agreed total return swaps with AFC and FAB months after separate hidden debt scandal came to light

The continent is better positioned to weather crises, yet perceptions remain stuck in the past

‘Swap’ trades by hedge funds have exploded recently

Sovereign borrowers are turning to lower interest rates in currencies such as the Chinese renminbi and Swiss franc

Discussions will include American and international insurance watchdogs

African lender denies it can be drawn into debt restructurings after rating agency cites ‘higher solvency risk’