Australian opposition leader Sussan Ley, the first woman to head the Liberal Party, is under renewed pressure after the resignation of her shadow defence minister Angus Taylor.

His resignation paves the way for an expected leadership challenge. Local media say he has long been plotting to oust her.

Ley narrowly defeated Taylor in a leadership contest last year, after her party's worst ever election loss. But since then she has been plagued by poor poll numbers and infighting among the conservative Liberal-National coalition.

The coalition, a partnership dating back to the 1940s, has twice split and reunited under her leadership, further undermining her tenure.

Taylor - from the conservative faction of the party as opposed to Ley's moderate wing - on Wednesday announced he had quit the party leadership team, though he would "continue to serve the Liberal Party".