India's opposition leader Rahul Gandhi caused uproar in parliament when he tried to quote passages from a former army chief's unpublished memoir, in which the country's top political leaders are accused of failing to give clear directions during the 2020 military standoff with China.

The allegation is made in General MM Naravane's unpublished book Four Stars of Destiny, which has been awaiting government clearance since 2024.

Twenty Indian soldiers and at least four Chinese troops were killed in the 2020 border brawl.

The claims have triggered a political row, bringing parliament to a standstill. Gandhi was repeatedly interrupted as he tried to read from the book in a debate on Wednesday.

He later said the memoir claimed that as Chinese tanks advanced at Indian positions, Naravane was told "to do what he deemed appropriate".