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This report is from this week’s CNBC’s The China Connection newsletter, which brings you insights and analysis on what’s driving the world’s second-largest economy. You can subscribe here.

Chris Miller, author of the book “Chip War,” warned three years ago that the balance of modern power hinges on a semiconductor supply chain crossing geopolitical fault lines. Now, the Tufts University historian is raising a new concern: the U.S. risks losing its advantage over China in artificial intelligence talent.

When it comes to brain power, “America’s edge is deteriorating dangerously,” Miller told a U.S. Senate Foreign Relations subcommittee last week. It’s a lead that’s “fragile and much smaller” than its advantage in AI chips, he said.

Carnegie Endowment researchers echoed those concerns a day later, noting China has been producing more top-tier AI researchers over the last few years, while fewer are heading to the U.S.