To stop Putin’s war, punish refineries processing Russian oil
Western sanctions will not be effective until the loophole for facilities in India, Turkey and China is closed
Western sanctions will not be effective until the loophole for facilities in India, Turkey and China is closed

Largest refineries look at curbing purchases after US measures aim to impede Putin’s war machine

Measures mark Donald Trump’s first effort to punish energy companies that ‘fund the Kremlin’s war machine’

Decision risks upending the industry by disrupting exports and forcing both companies to adapt

India’s oil purchases from Russia are chokepoint between Washington and New Delhi

Its dependence on Russian crude undermines the effort to isolate Moscow

Washington also takes steps to reduce disruption stemming from sanctions it has imposed on Russian oil producer