François Bayrou in Boissy-la-Rivière, France, on August 26. THIBAUD MORITZ / AFP

The future of French Prime Minister François Bayrou and his government now rests in the hands of the Assemblée Nationale. Under pressure from opposition parties ahead of the 2026 budget debate, Bayrou decided to seek a confidence vote on Monday, September 8, the outcome of which will determine whether his minority government survives.

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French PM Bayrou's strategy comes under fire ahead of confidence vote

The procedure, set out in Article 49.1 of the French Constitution, puts a straightforward question to all members of the Assemblée: Do they have confidence in Bayrou's government to lead the nation's policy? While lawmakers may abstain or be absent from the chamber, only "for" and "against" votes will be counted, leading to two possible outcomes: