Palestinian families are choosing between braving Israel’s fierce bombardment at home or being forcibly displaced again.

The Israeli military is pushing deeper into Gaza City, destroying entire neighbourhoods and leaving Palestinian families with nowhere safe to go, as it seeks to seize the Strip’s largest urban centre, while an Israeli-induced famine grips the besieged enclave.

An attack on a popular market east of Gaza City on Tuesday killed at least five Palestinians and injured many others. Sources at al-Ahli Arab Hospital told Al Jazeera that two women were among those killed.

Videos verified by Al Jazeera showed Palestinians fleeing the as-Saftawi area, north of Gaza City, as Israel attempts to force close to 1 million residents southwards to concentration zones.

The footage captured long lines of men, women and children moving along dusty and ravaged streets, many carrying bags, blankets and mattresses. Some pushed carts piled with belongings while others held children by the hand as they moved westward on foot.