In cholera-ravaged refugee camps of western Sudan, fear spreads as swiftly as the deadly bacteria. Before water can even be boiled over open flames, swarms of flies descend, contaminating it all over again.

Cholera is devastating the camps of Tawila in Darfur, where hundreds of thousands are left with nothing but the water they can boil, used both as disinfectant and medicine.

“We add lemon to the water when we have it and drink it as medicine,” said Mona Ibrahim, who has spent two months living in a makeshift camp in Tawila.

“We have no other choice,” she told Agence France-Presse (AFP), sitting on the bare earth.

Adam is among nearly half a million people who fled to Tawila and its surroundings from the besieged city of El Fasher and the Zamzam displacement camp in April.